Unit 1: Education and Humanity Solution

Ways with words

A. Find the words from the text which mean the following.

a. a messenger or representative, especially one on a diplomatic mission= envoy
b. the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect=dignity
c. harm done to someone in response to harm=revenge
d. a person who holds extreme views in political or religious matters=extremist
e. sympathetic pity and concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of others=compassion
f. a person who is believed to speak for God=prophet
g. the study of the nature of knowledge, reality and existence=philosophy
h. the use of physical force so as to injure, abuse, damage or destroy=violence
i. an unreasonable dislike of a particular group of people or things=prejudice

B. Match the words on the left with their opposite meanings on the right.

Ans:

honour – disgrace
innocent – guilty
brutality – kindness
forgiveness – punishment
illiteracy – literacy

C. Using dictionary

a. Study the dictionary entry above and answer these questions.

i. What is the headword in the first entry?
Ans: The headword in the first entry is Humanity.

ii. How many meanings of the word ‘humanity’ are given?
Ans: Four meanings of the word ‘humanity’ are given.

iii. What do the abbreviations U, OPP, pl, and sth stand for?
Ans: The abbrevation of ‘U’ stands fro uncountable, ‘OPP’ stands for opposite, ‘pl’ stands for plulral and ‘sth’ stands for something.

iv. What is the British English spelling of ‘humanize’?
Ans: The British English spelling of ‘humanize’ is humanise.

v. How is the word ‘humanize’ pronounced?
Ans: The word ‘humanize’ is pronounced as /ˈhjuːmənaɪz /.

vi. If we say Every person should have the sense of humanity, which meaning of ‘humanity’ is applied?
Ans: If we say ‘Every person should have the sense of humanity’ the quality of being kind to people and animals by making sure that they do not suffer more than is necessary; the quality of being humane is applied.

b. Arrange the following words in alphabetical order.

i.advance analysis amuse assure allergy attain aid anxiety acute agreement
Ans: acute, advance, agreement, aid, allergy, amuse, analysis anxiety, assure, attain

ii. smoke small smart speaking smelling smoothly smuggler smashed smearing smallpox
Ans: small, smallpox, smart, smashed, smearing, smelling, smoke, smoothly, smuggler, speaking.

iii. terminal terminate terminology termite terms terrace terrible terribly territory
terror
Ans: terminal, terminate, terminology, termite, terms, terrace, terrible, terribly, territory,
Terror……

c. Make a list of five new words from the reading text. Using a dictionary write their meanings and use the word in sentences of your own.
Ans:
1.dignity/dignati/noun/U/ – a sense of your own importance and value:
-A person should have a good job to preserve his dignity.

2.Conservative/Kan ‘s3: Vativ/adj/ opposed to great or sudden social change; showing that you prefer traditional styles and values.
-The conservatives protested against the new law.

3.ignorance/ignǝrǝns/noun/U/- a lack of knowledge or information about something.
-The cause of this insident is her ignorance.

4.Brutality/brutæ/ǝti/noun/U/ – violent and cruel behaviour.
-Their brutality killed two innocent people.

5.empower/impauǝ/ \ verb/- to give somebody the power or authority to do something.
-We should empower women so that they can contribute for the development of nation.

Comprehension

Answer the following questions. 

a.Why did the speaker receive thousands of good wishes cards and gifts from all over the world? 
Ans: The speaker received thousands of good-wishes cards and gifts from all over the world for her speedy recovery and new life.

b.According to the speaker, what are hundreds of human rights activists and social workers struggling for? 
Ans: According to the speaker, hundreds of human rights activists and social workers are struggling for achieving their goals of education, peace and equality.

C. What has she learnt from Gandhi ? 
Ans: She has learnt the philosophy of non-violence from Gandhi.

d. In what sense is peace necessary for education ? 
Ans: Peace is necessary for education in the sense that war, conflict, violence, and terrorist activities deprive children of attending schools for getting education.

e.According to the speaker, What are the main problems faced by both men and women?
Ans: According to the speaker, the main problems faced to by both men and women are poverty, ignorance, injustice, racism and deprivation of basic rights.

f. What is Malala calling upon all governments? 
Ans: Malala is calling upon all governments for free and compulsory education for every child and fight against terrorism and violence to protect children from brutality and harm.

g. What is the main message of this speech ? 
Ans: The main message of this speech is, no child should be deprived of education because it is the solution of all problems and everyone should fight against terrorism, violence and extremism.

Critical thinking

a. All children have the right to equality education. How can we ensure this right to every child? Discuss the role of the government and the parents to make sure that every child can attend school. 
Ans: It is true that education is the basic right of every child. No one should be deprived of it. The govrnment should ensure free and compulsory education to all. The parents should send both their sons and daughters to school to ensure their bright future. Both, government and parents should understand that childen are the future of the nation and only well educated person can have good vision and leadership for the betterment of the country.

b.Do you think there is still discrimination between sons and daughters interms of providing education in our country? What strategies do you suggest to overcome such discrimination against girls. 
Ans:Yes, there is still discrimination between sons and daughters in terms of providing education in my country. First of all, the government should find the root cause of this problem. It may cause due to poverty and illiteracy. Awareness programmes for the parents should be launched so that they would send their sons and daughters to school. Those parents who discriminate between sons and daughters should be warned and deprived of basic facilities that government provides them.

c.A Chinese philosopher Confucius said, “If your plan is for one year, plant rice;if your plan is for ten years, plant trees; if your plan is for one hundred years,educate children.” What is the meaning of this saying? Elaborate this with examples. 
Ans: This saying shows the importance of education. Investment in education is the best investment. If the children get proper education at present they can contribute for the country for hundreds of years. The country will head towards bright future. For example: the countries which are well developed at present allocate good amount to provide quality education to very child.

Writing 

a. Recall your school days. Write in three paragraphs of an event that you always remember. 
Ans: School days are the golden period of our life. We work hard at school which shapes our future. Many events take place in our life, among them some are memorable and we always remember them.

I also have a memory of my school days. I still vividly remember the day. There was a speech competition in my school. Many students had participated in it and I was one of them. I was excited about it but a little nervous, too, because it was the fist time I had participated in such a competition. Although. I was well prepared, I was not confident. The teacher called me to deliver my speech on ‘Role of Education for Development?’ A little excitement, a little nervousness, but I delivered my speech.

About 30 students had participated in it and all of them were eagerly waiting for the result. The judges were busy in calculating marks. Finally, the result was announced. I could not express my happiness, when the teacher announced my name as the winner of the competition. I could not believe my ears. It was the happiest moment of my life. Everyone congratulated me. I was awarded with a medal and certificate. Therefore. I always remember this event of my school days.

b. Education empowers a person. Elaborate this statement giving examples of your personal experience.
Ans: According to Nelson Mandela ‘Edcation is the powerful weapon that we can use to change the world. ‘Infact this statement is true. Modern inventions and discoveries are possible due to education. Education produces doctors, engineers, scientists and many other skilled people. It empowers a person socially, politically, economically and many more. Today I am very good at speaking English and it is because of education. It has enabled me to achieve by goals. It has empowered me with different techniques and skills so that I am able to impart quality education. I have a leadership quality which supports me in every work that I initiate. In my view. If all the chilren are given proper education, it would help to change the face of the world.

Grammar

B. Classify the underlined words into different word classes.

a. The man who is wearing glasses is my uncle’s friend.
who – pronoun
wearing – verb
my – determiner

b. I bought a round table in the supermarket.
round – adjective
the – determiner

c. Alas, she is dead.
Alas – interjection

d. Hari works very hard all the time but his wife is very lazy.
hard – adverb
wife – noun
very – adverb

e. I have never been to Japan.
never – adverb

C. Read a paragraph of an English newspaper and make a list of about 20 words. Categorize them into different ‘Word classes’. You can refer to the grammar book for help.
Ans:
bane (noun)
Cynical (adjective)
emanate (verb)
flog (verb)
grimave (noun)
Chubby (adjective)
dote (verb)
evidently (adverb)
maw (noun)
since (preposition)
scrutinize (verb)
despite (preposition)
stoic (noun)
astensible (adjective)
totter (verb)
tripartite (adjective)
umpteen (determiner)
venial (adjective)
Postmortem (noun)
Whack (verb)